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Source file src/pkg/cmd/go/internal/help/helpdoc.go

     1	// Copyright 2011 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3	// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4	
     5	package help
     6	
     7	import "cmd/go/internal/base"
     8	
     9	var HelpC = &base.Command{
    10		UsageLine: "c",
    11		Short:     "calling between Go and C",
    12		Long: `
    13	There are two different ways to call between Go and C/C++ code.
    14	
    15	The first is the cgo tool, which is part of the Go distribution. For
    16	information on how to use it see the cgo documentation (go doc cmd/cgo).
    17	
    18	The second is the SWIG program, which is a general tool for
    19	interfacing between languages. For information on SWIG see
    20	http://swig.org/. When running go build, any file with a .swig
    21	extension will be passed to SWIG. Any file with a .swigcxx extension
    22	will be passed to SWIG with the -c++ option.
    23	
    24	When either cgo or SWIG is used, go build will pass any .c, .m, .s,
    25	or .S files to the C compiler, and any .cc, .cpp, .cxx files to the C++
    26	compiler. The CC or CXX environment variables may be set to determine
    27	the C or C++ compiler, respectively, to use.
    28		`,
    29	}
    30	
    31	var HelpPackages = &base.Command{
    32		UsageLine: "packages",
    33		Short:     "package lists and patterns",
    34		Long: `
    35	Many commands apply to a set of packages:
    36	
    37		go action [packages]
    38	
    39	Usually, [packages] is a list of import paths.
    40	
    41	An import path that is a rooted path or that begins with
    42	a . or .. element is interpreted as a file system path and
    43	denotes the package in that directory.
    44	
    45	Otherwise, the import path P denotes the package found in
    46	the directory DIR/src/P for some DIR listed in the GOPATH
    47	environment variable (For more details see: 'go help gopath').
    48	
    49	If no import paths are given, the action applies to the
    50	package in the current directory.
    51	
    52	There are four reserved names for paths that should not be used
    53	for packages to be built with the go tool:
    54	
    55	- "main" denotes the top-level package in a stand-alone executable.
    56	
    57	- "all" expands to all packages found in all the GOPATH
    58	trees. For example, 'go list all' lists all the packages on the local
    59	system. When using modules, "all" expands to all packages in
    60	the main module and their dependencies, including dependencies
    61	needed by tests of any of those.
    62	
    63	- "std" is like all but expands to just the packages in the standard
    64	Go library.
    65	
    66	- "cmd" expands to the Go repository's commands and their
    67	internal libraries.
    68	
    69	Import paths beginning with "cmd/" only match source code in
    70	the Go repository.
    71	
    72	An import path is a pattern if it includes one or more "..." wildcards,
    73	each of which can match any string, including the empty string and
    74	strings containing slashes. Such a pattern expands to all package
    75	directories found in the GOPATH trees with names matching the
    76	patterns.
    77	
    78	To make common patterns more convenient, there are two special cases.
    79	First, /... at the end of the pattern can match an empty string,
    80	so that net/... matches both net and packages in its subdirectories, like net/http.
    81	Second, any slash-separated pattern element containing a wildcard never
    82	participates in a match of the "vendor" element in the path of a vendored
    83	package, so that ./... does not match packages in subdirectories of
    84	./vendor or ./mycode/vendor, but ./vendor/... and ./mycode/vendor/... do.
    85	Note, however, that a directory named vendor that itself contains code
    86	is not a vendored package: cmd/vendor would be a command named vendor,
    87	and the pattern cmd/... matches it.
    88	See golang.org/s/go15vendor for more about vendoring.
    89	
    90	An import path can also name a package to be downloaded from
    91	a remote repository. Run 'go help importpath' for details.
    92	
    93	Every package in a program must have a unique import path.
    94	By convention, this is arranged by starting each path with a
    95	unique prefix that belongs to you. For example, paths used
    96	internally at Google all begin with 'google', and paths
    97	denoting remote repositories begin with the path to the code,
    98	such as 'github.com/user/repo'.
    99	
   100	Packages in a program need not have unique package names,
   101	but there are two reserved package names with special meaning.
   102	The name main indicates a command, not a library.
   103	Commands are built into binaries and cannot be imported.
   104	The name documentation indicates documentation for
   105	a non-Go program in the directory. Files in package documentation
   106	are ignored by the go command.
   107	
   108	As a special case, if the package list is a list of .go files from a
   109	single directory, the command is applied to a single synthesized
   110	package made up of exactly those files, ignoring any build constraints
   111	in those files and ignoring any other files in the directory.
   112	
   113	Directory and file names that begin with "." or "_" are ignored
   114	by the go tool, as are directories named "testdata".
   115		`,
   116	}
   117	
   118	var HelpImportPath = &base.Command{
   119		UsageLine: "importpath",
   120		Short:     "import path syntax",
   121		Long: `
   122	
   123	An import path (see 'go help packages') denotes a package stored in the local
   124	file system. In general, an import path denotes either a standard package (such
   125	as "unicode/utf8") or a package found in one of the work spaces (For more
   126	details see: 'go help gopath').
   127	
   128	Relative import paths
   129	
   130	An import path beginning with ./ or ../ is called a relative path.
   131	The toolchain supports relative import paths as a shortcut in two ways.
   132	
   133	First, a relative path can be used as a shorthand on the command line.
   134	If you are working in the directory containing the code imported as
   135	"unicode" and want to run the tests for "unicode/utf8", you can type
   136	"go test ./utf8" instead of needing to specify the full path.
   137	Similarly, in the reverse situation, "go test .." will test "unicode" from
   138	the "unicode/utf8" directory. Relative patterns are also allowed, like
   139	"go test ./..." to test all subdirectories. See 'go help packages' for details
   140	on the pattern syntax.
   141	
   142	Second, if you are compiling a Go program not in a work space,
   143	you can use a relative path in an import statement in that program
   144	to refer to nearby code also not in a work space.
   145	This makes it easy to experiment with small multipackage programs
   146	outside of the usual work spaces, but such programs cannot be
   147	installed with "go install" (there is no work space in which to install them),
   148	so they are rebuilt from scratch each time they are built.
   149	To avoid ambiguity, Go programs cannot use relative import paths
   150	within a work space.
   151	
   152	Remote import paths
   153	
   154	Certain import paths also
   155	describe how to obtain the source code for the package using
   156	a revision control system.
   157	
   158	A few common code hosting sites have special syntax:
   159	
   160		Bitbucket (Git, Mercurial)
   161	
   162			import "bitbucket.org/user/project"
   163			import "bitbucket.org/user/project/sub/directory"
   164	
   165		GitHub (Git)
   166	
   167			import "github.com/user/project"
   168			import "github.com/user/project/sub/directory"
   169	
   170		Launchpad (Bazaar)
   171	
   172			import "launchpad.net/project"
   173			import "launchpad.net/project/series"
   174			import "launchpad.net/project/series/sub/directory"
   175	
   176			import "launchpad.net/~user/project/branch"
   177			import "launchpad.net/~user/project/branch/sub/directory"
   178	
   179		IBM DevOps Services (Git)
   180	
   181			import "hub.jazz.net/git/user/project"
   182			import "hub.jazz.net/git/user/project/sub/directory"
   183	
   184	For code hosted on other servers, import paths may either be qualified
   185	with the version control type, or the go tool can dynamically fetch
   186	the import path over https/http and discover where the code resides
   187	from a <meta> tag in the HTML.
   188	
   189	To declare the code location, an import path of the form
   190	
   191		repository.vcs/path
   192	
   193	specifies the given repository, with or without the .vcs suffix,
   194	using the named version control system, and then the path inside
   195	that repository. The supported version control systems are:
   196	
   197		Bazaar      .bzr
   198		Fossil      .fossil
   199		Git         .git
   200		Mercurial   .hg
   201		Subversion  .svn
   202	
   203	For example,
   204	
   205		import "example.org/user/foo.hg"
   206	
   207	denotes the root directory of the Mercurial repository at
   208	example.org/user/foo or foo.hg, and
   209	
   210		import "example.org/repo.git/foo/bar"
   211	
   212	denotes the foo/bar directory of the Git repository at
   213	example.org/repo or repo.git.
   214	
   215	When a version control system supports multiple protocols,
   216	each is tried in turn when downloading. For example, a Git
   217	download tries https://, then git+ssh://.
   218	
   219	By default, downloads are restricted to known secure protocols
   220	(e.g. https, ssh). To override this setting for Git downloads, the
   221	GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL environment variable can be set (For more details see:
   222	'go help environment').
   223	
   224	If the import path is not a known code hosting site and also lacks a
   225	version control qualifier, the go tool attempts to fetch the import
   226	over https/http and looks for a <meta> tag in the document's HTML
   227	<head>.
   228	
   229	The meta tag has the form:
   230	
   231		<meta name="go-import" content="import-prefix vcs repo-root">
   232	
   233	The import-prefix is the import path corresponding to the repository
   234	root. It must be a prefix or an exact match of the package being
   235	fetched with "go get". If it's not an exact match, another http
   236	request is made at the prefix to verify the <meta> tags match.
   237	
   238	The meta tag should appear as early in the file as possible.
   239	In particular, it should appear before any raw JavaScript or CSS,
   240	to avoid confusing the go command's restricted parser.
   241	
   242	The vcs is one of "bzr", "fossil", "git", "hg", "svn".
   243	
   244	The repo-root is the root of the version control system
   245	containing a scheme and not containing a .vcs qualifier.
   246	
   247	For example,
   248	
   249		import "example.org/pkg/foo"
   250	
   251	will result in the following requests:
   252	
   253		https://example.org/pkg/foo?go-get=1 (preferred)
   254		http://example.org/pkg/foo?go-get=1  (fallback, only with -insecure)
   255	
   256	If that page contains the meta tag
   257	
   258		<meta name="go-import" content="example.org git https://code.org/r/p/exproj">
   259	
   260	the go tool will verify that https://example.org/?go-get=1 contains the
   261	same meta tag and then git clone https://code.org/r/p/exproj into
   262	GOPATH/src/example.org.
   263	
   264	When using GOPATH, downloaded packages are written to the first directory
   265	listed in the GOPATH environment variable.
   266	(See 'go help gopath-get' and 'go help gopath'.)
   267	
   268	When using modules, downloaded packages are stored in the module cache.
   269	(See 'go help module-get' and 'go help goproxy'.)
   270	
   271	When using modules, an additional variant of the go-import meta tag is
   272	recognized and is preferred over those listing version control systems.
   273	That variant uses "mod" as the vcs in the content value, as in:
   274	
   275		<meta name="go-import" content="example.org mod https://code.org/moduleproxy">
   276	
   277	This tag means to fetch modules with paths beginning with example.org
   278	from the module proxy available at the URL https://code.org/moduleproxy.
   279	See 'go help goproxy' for details about the proxy protocol.
   280	
   281	Import path checking
   282	
   283	When the custom import path feature described above redirects to a
   284	known code hosting site, each of the resulting packages has two possible
   285	import paths, using the custom domain or the known hosting site.
   286	
   287	A package statement is said to have an "import comment" if it is immediately
   288	followed (before the next newline) by a comment of one of these two forms:
   289	
   290		package math // import "path"
   291		package math /* import "path" */
   292	
   293	The go command will refuse to install a package with an import comment
   294	unless it is being referred to by that import path. In this way, import comments
   295	let package authors make sure the custom import path is used and not a
   296	direct path to the underlying code hosting site.
   297	
   298	Import path checking is disabled for code found within vendor trees.
   299	This makes it possible to copy code into alternate locations in vendor trees
   300	without needing to update import comments.
   301	
   302	Import path checking is also disabled when using modules.
   303	Import path comments are obsoleted by the go.mod file's module statement.
   304	
   305	See https://golang.org/s/go14customimport for details.
   306		`,
   307	}
   308	
   309	var HelpGopath = &base.Command{
   310		UsageLine: "gopath",
   311		Short:     "GOPATH environment variable",
   312		Long: `
   313	The Go path is used to resolve import statements.
   314	It is implemented by and documented in the go/build package.
   315	
   316	The GOPATH environment variable lists places to look for Go code.
   317	On Unix, the value is a colon-separated string.
   318	On Windows, the value is a semicolon-separated string.
   319	On Plan 9, the value is a list.
   320	
   321	If the environment variable is unset, GOPATH defaults
   322	to a subdirectory named "go" in the user's home directory
   323	($HOME/go on Unix, %USERPROFILE%\go on Windows),
   324	unless that directory holds a Go distribution.
   325	Run "go env GOPATH" to see the current GOPATH.
   326	
   327	See https://golang.org/wiki/SettingGOPATH to set a custom GOPATH.
   328	
   329	Each directory listed in GOPATH must have a prescribed structure:
   330	
   331	The src directory holds source code. The path below src
   332	determines the import path or executable name.
   333	
   334	The pkg directory holds installed package objects.
   335	As in the Go tree, each target operating system and
   336	architecture pair has its own subdirectory of pkg
   337	(pkg/GOOS_GOARCH).
   338	
   339	If DIR is a directory listed in the GOPATH, a package with
   340	source in DIR/src/foo/bar can be imported as "foo/bar" and
   341	has its compiled form installed to "DIR/pkg/GOOS_GOARCH/foo/bar.a".
   342	
   343	The bin directory holds compiled commands.
   344	Each command is named for its source directory, but only
   345	the final element, not the entire path. That is, the
   346	command with source in DIR/src/foo/quux is installed into
   347	DIR/bin/quux, not DIR/bin/foo/quux. The "foo/" prefix is stripped
   348	so that you can add DIR/bin to your PATH to get at the
   349	installed commands. If the GOBIN environment variable is
   350	set, commands are installed to the directory it names instead
   351	of DIR/bin. GOBIN must be an absolute path.
   352	
   353	Here's an example directory layout:
   354	
   355	    GOPATH=/home/user/go
   356	
   357	    /home/user/go/
   358	        src/
   359	            foo/
   360	                bar/               (go code in package bar)
   361	                    x.go
   362	                quux/              (go code in package main)
   363	                    y.go
   364	        bin/
   365	            quux                   (installed command)
   366	        pkg/
   367	            linux_amd64/
   368	                foo/
   369	                    bar.a          (installed package object)
   370	
   371	Go searches each directory listed in GOPATH to find source code,
   372	but new packages are always downloaded into the first directory
   373	in the list.
   374	
   375	See https://golang.org/doc/code.html for an example.
   376	
   377	GOPATH and Modules
   378	
   379	When using modules, GOPATH is no longer used for resolving imports.
   380	However, it is still used to store downloaded source code (in GOPATH/pkg/mod)
   381	and compiled commands (in GOPATH/bin).
   382	
   383	Internal Directories
   384	
   385	Code in or below a directory named "internal" is importable only
   386	by code in the directory tree rooted at the parent of "internal".
   387	Here's an extended version of the directory layout above:
   388	
   389	    /home/user/go/
   390	        src/
   391	            crash/
   392	                bang/              (go code in package bang)
   393	                    b.go
   394	            foo/                   (go code in package foo)
   395	                f.go
   396	                bar/               (go code in package bar)
   397	                    x.go
   398	                internal/
   399	                    baz/           (go code in package baz)
   400	                        z.go
   401	                quux/              (go code in package main)
   402	                    y.go
   403	
   404	
   405	The code in z.go is imported as "foo/internal/baz", but that
   406	import statement can only appear in source files in the subtree
   407	rooted at foo. The source files foo/f.go, foo/bar/x.go, and
   408	foo/quux/y.go can all import "foo/internal/baz", but the source file
   409	crash/bang/b.go cannot.
   410	
   411	See https://golang.org/s/go14internal for details.
   412	
   413	Vendor Directories
   414	
   415	Go 1.6 includes support for using local copies of external dependencies
   416	to satisfy imports of those dependencies, often referred to as vendoring.
   417	
   418	Code below a directory named "vendor" is importable only
   419	by code in the directory tree rooted at the parent of "vendor",
   420	and only using an import path that omits the prefix up to and
   421	including the vendor element.
   422	
   423	Here's the example from the previous section,
   424	but with the "internal" directory renamed to "vendor"
   425	and a new foo/vendor/crash/bang directory added:
   426	
   427	    /home/user/go/
   428	        src/
   429	            crash/
   430	                bang/              (go code in package bang)
   431	                    b.go
   432	            foo/                   (go code in package foo)
   433	                f.go
   434	                bar/               (go code in package bar)
   435	                    x.go
   436	                vendor/
   437	                    crash/
   438	                        bang/      (go code in package bang)
   439	                            b.go
   440	                    baz/           (go code in package baz)
   441	                        z.go
   442	                quux/              (go code in package main)
   443	                    y.go
   444	
   445	The same visibility rules apply as for internal, but the code
   446	in z.go is imported as "baz", not as "foo/vendor/baz".
   447	
   448	Code in vendor directories deeper in the source tree shadows
   449	code in higher directories. Within the subtree rooted at foo, an import
   450	of "crash/bang" resolves to "foo/vendor/crash/bang", not the
   451	top-level "crash/bang".
   452	
   453	Code in vendor directories is not subject to import path
   454	checking (see 'go help importpath').
   455	
   456	When 'go get' checks out or updates a git repository, it now also
   457	updates submodules.
   458	
   459	Vendor directories do not affect the placement of new repositories
   460	being checked out for the first time by 'go get': those are always
   461	placed in the main GOPATH, never in a vendor subtree.
   462	
   463	See https://golang.org/s/go15vendor for details.
   464		`,
   465	}
   466	
   467	var HelpEnvironment = &base.Command{
   468		UsageLine: "environment",
   469		Short:     "environment variables",
   470		Long: `
   471	
   472	The go command and the tools it invokes consult environment variables
   473	for configuration. If an environment variable is unset, the go command
   474	uses a sensible default setting. To see the effective setting of the
   475	variable <NAME>, run 'go env <NAME>'. To change the default setting,
   476	run 'go env -w <NAME>=<VALUE>'. Defaults changed using 'go env -w'
   477	are recorded in a Go environment configuration file stored in the
   478	per-user configuration directory, as reported by os.UserConfigDir.
   479	The location of the configuration file can be changed by setting
   480	the environment variable GOENV, and 'go env GOENV' prints the
   481	effective location, but 'go env -w' cannot change the default location.
   482	See 'go help env' for details.
   483	
   484	General-purpose environment variables:
   485	
   486		GCCGO
   487			The gccgo command to run for 'go build -compiler=gccgo'.
   488		GOARCH
   489			The architecture, or processor, for which to compile code.
   490			Examples are amd64, 386, arm, ppc64.
   491		GOBIN
   492			The directory where 'go install' will install a command.
   493		GOCACHE
   494			The directory where the go command will store cached
   495			information for reuse in future builds.
   496		GODEBUG
   497			Enable various debugging facilities. See 'go doc runtime'
   498			for details.
   499		GOENV
   500			The location of the Go environment configuration file.
   501			Cannot be set using 'go env -w'.
   502		GOFLAGS
   503			A space-separated list of -flag=value settings to apply
   504			to go commands by default, when the given flag is known by
   505			the current command. Each entry must be a standalone flag.
   506			Because the entries are space-separated, flag values must
   507			not contain spaces. Flags listed on the command line
   508			are applied after this list and therefore override it.
   509		GOOS
   510			The operating system for which to compile code.
   511			Examples are linux, darwin, windows, netbsd.
   512		GOPATH
   513			For more details see: 'go help gopath'.
   514		GOPROXY
   515			URL of Go module proxy. See 'go help modules'.
   516		GOPRIVATE, GONOPROXY, GONOSUMDB
   517			Comma-separated list of glob patterns (in the syntax of Go's path.Match)
   518			of module path prefixes that should always be fetched directly
   519			or that should not be compared against the checksum database.
   520			See 'go help module-private'.
   521		GOROOT
   522			The root of the go tree.
   523		GOSUMDB
   524			The name of checksum database to use and optionally its public key and
   525			URL. See 'go help module-auth'.
   526		GOTMPDIR
   527			The directory where the go command will write
   528			temporary source files, packages, and binaries.
   529	
   530	Environment variables for use with cgo:
   531	
   532		AR
   533			The command to use to manipulate library archives when
   534			building with the gccgo compiler.
   535			The default is 'ar'.
   536		CC
   537			The command to use to compile C code.
   538		CGO_ENABLED
   539			Whether the cgo command is supported. Either 0 or 1.
   540		CGO_CFLAGS
   541			Flags that cgo will pass to the compiler when compiling
   542			C code.
   543		CGO_CFLAGS_ALLOW
   544			A regular expression specifying additional flags to allow
   545			to appear in #cgo CFLAGS source code directives.
   546			Does not apply to the CGO_CFLAGS environment variable.
   547		CGO_CFLAGS_DISALLOW
   548			A regular expression specifying flags that must be disallowed
   549			from appearing in #cgo CFLAGS source code directives.
   550			Does not apply to the CGO_CFLAGS environment variable.
   551		CGO_CPPFLAGS, CGO_CPPFLAGS_ALLOW, CGO_CPPFLAGS_DISALLOW
   552			Like CGO_CFLAGS, CGO_CFLAGS_ALLOW, and CGO_CFLAGS_DISALLOW,
   553			but for the C preprocessor.
   554		CGO_CXXFLAGS, CGO_CXXFLAGS_ALLOW, CGO_CXXFLAGS_DISALLOW
   555			Like CGO_CFLAGS, CGO_CFLAGS_ALLOW, and CGO_CFLAGS_DISALLOW,
   556			but for the C++ compiler.
   557		CGO_FFLAGS, CGO_FFLAGS_ALLOW, CGO_FFLAGS_DISALLOW
   558			Like CGO_CFLAGS, CGO_CFLAGS_ALLOW, and CGO_CFLAGS_DISALLOW,
   559			but for the Fortran compiler.
   560		CGO_LDFLAGS, CGO_LDFLAGS_ALLOW, CGO_LDFLAGS_DISALLOW
   561			Like CGO_CFLAGS, CGO_CFLAGS_ALLOW, and CGO_CFLAGS_DISALLOW,
   562			but for the linker.
   563		CXX
   564			The command to use to compile C++ code.
   565		FC
   566			The command to use to compile Fortran code.
   567		PKG_CONFIG
   568			Path to pkg-config tool.
   569	
   570	Architecture-specific environment variables:
   571	
   572		GOARM
   573			For GOARCH=arm, the ARM architecture for which to compile.
   574			Valid values are 5, 6, 7.
   575		GO386
   576			For GOARCH=386, the floating point instruction set.
   577			Valid values are 387, sse2.
   578		GOMIPS
   579			For GOARCH=mips{,le}, whether to use floating point instructions.
   580			Valid values are hardfloat (default), softfloat.
   581		GOMIPS64
   582			For GOARCH=mips64{,le}, whether to use floating point instructions.
   583			Valid values are hardfloat (default), softfloat.
   584		GOWASM
   585			For GOARCH=wasm, comma-separated list of experimental WebAssembly features to use.
   586			Valid values are satconv, signext.
   587	
   588	Special-purpose environment variables:
   589	
   590		GCCGOTOOLDIR
   591			If set, where to find gccgo tools, such as cgo.
   592			The default is based on how gccgo was configured.
   593		GOROOT_FINAL
   594			The root of the installed Go tree, when it is
   595			installed in a location other than where it is built.
   596			File names in stack traces are rewritten from GOROOT to
   597			GOROOT_FINAL.
   598		GO_EXTLINK_ENABLED
   599			Whether the linker should use external linking mode
   600			when using -linkmode=auto with code that uses cgo.
   601			Set to 0 to disable external linking mode, 1 to enable it.
   602		GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL
   603			Defined by Git. A colon-separated list of schemes that are allowed
   604			to be used with git fetch/clone. If set, any scheme not explicitly
   605			mentioned will be considered insecure by 'go get'.
   606			Because the variable is defined by Git, the default value cannot
   607			be set using 'go env -w'.
   608	
   609	Additional information available from 'go env' but not read from the environment:
   610	
   611		GOEXE
   612			The executable file name suffix (".exe" on Windows, "" on other systems).
   613		GOGCCFLAGS
   614			A space-separated list of arguments supplied to the CC command.
   615		GOHOSTARCH
   616			The architecture (GOARCH) of the Go toolchain binaries.
   617		GOHOSTOS
   618			The operating system (GOOS) of the Go toolchain binaries.
   619		GOMOD
   620			The absolute path to the go.mod of the main module,
   621			or the empty string if not using modules.
   622		GOTOOLDIR
   623			The directory where the go tools (compile, cover, doc, etc...) are installed.
   624		`,
   625	}
   626	
   627	var HelpFileType = &base.Command{
   628		UsageLine: "filetype",
   629		Short:     "file types",
   630		Long: `
   631	The go command examines the contents of a restricted set of files
   632	in each directory. It identifies which files to examine based on
   633	the extension of the file name. These extensions are:
   634	
   635		.go
   636			Go source files.
   637		.c, .h
   638			C source files.
   639			If the package uses cgo or SWIG, these will be compiled with the
   640			OS-native compiler (typically gcc); otherwise they will
   641			trigger an error.
   642		.cc, .cpp, .cxx, .hh, .hpp, .hxx
   643			C++ source files. Only useful with cgo or SWIG, and always
   644			compiled with the OS-native compiler.
   645		.m
   646			Objective-C source files. Only useful with cgo, and always
   647			compiled with the OS-native compiler.
   648		.s, .S
   649			Assembler source files.
   650			If the package uses cgo or SWIG, these will be assembled with the
   651			OS-native assembler (typically gcc (sic)); otherwise they
   652			will be assembled with the Go assembler.
   653		.swig, .swigcxx
   654			SWIG definition files.
   655		.syso
   656			System object files.
   657	
   658	Files of each of these types except .syso may contain build
   659	constraints, but the go command stops scanning for build constraints
   660	at the first item in the file that is not a blank line or //-style
   661	line comment. See the go/build package documentation for
   662	more details.
   663		`,
   664	}
   665	
   666	var HelpBuildmode = &base.Command{
   667		UsageLine: "buildmode",
   668		Short:     "build modes",
   669		Long: `
   670	The 'go build' and 'go install' commands take a -buildmode argument which
   671	indicates which kind of object file is to be built. Currently supported values
   672	are:
   673	
   674		-buildmode=archive
   675			Build the listed non-main packages into .a files. Packages named
   676			main are ignored.
   677	
   678		-buildmode=c-archive
   679			Build the listed main package, plus all packages it imports,
   680			into a C archive file. The only callable symbols will be those
   681			functions exported using a cgo //export comment. Requires
   682			exactly one main package to be listed.
   683	
   684		-buildmode=c-shared
   685			Build the listed main package, plus all packages it imports,
   686			into a C shared library. The only callable symbols will
   687			be those functions exported using a cgo //export comment.
   688			Requires exactly one main package to be listed.
   689	
   690		-buildmode=default
   691			Listed main packages are built into executables and listed
   692			non-main packages are built into .a files (the default
   693			behavior).
   694	
   695		-buildmode=shared
   696			Combine all the listed non-main packages into a single shared
   697			library that will be used when building with the -linkshared
   698			option. Packages named main are ignored.
   699	
   700		-buildmode=exe
   701			Build the listed main packages and everything they import into
   702			executables. Packages not named main are ignored.
   703	
   704		-buildmode=pie
   705			Build the listed main packages and everything they import into
   706			position independent executables (PIE). Packages not named
   707			main are ignored.
   708	
   709		-buildmode=plugin
   710			Build the listed main packages, plus all packages that they
   711			import, into a Go plugin. Packages not named main are ignored.
   712	
   713	On AIX, when linking a C program that uses a Go archive built with
   714	-buildmode=c-archive, you must pass -Wl,-bnoobjreorder to the C compiler.
   715	`,
   716	}
   717	
   718	var HelpCache = &base.Command{
   719		UsageLine: "cache",
   720		Short:     "build and test caching",
   721		Long: `
   722	The go command caches build outputs for reuse in future builds.
   723	The default location for cache data is a subdirectory named go-build
   724	in the standard user cache directory for the current operating system.
   725	Setting the GOCACHE environment variable overrides this default,
   726	and running 'go env GOCACHE' prints the current cache directory.
   727	
   728	The go command periodically deletes cached data that has not been
   729	used recently. Running 'go clean -cache' deletes all cached data.
   730	
   731	The build cache correctly accounts for changes to Go source files,
   732	compilers, compiler options, and so on: cleaning the cache explicitly
   733	should not be necessary in typical use. However, the build cache
   734	does not detect changes to C libraries imported with cgo.
   735	If you have made changes to the C libraries on your system, you
   736	will need to clean the cache explicitly or else use the -a build flag
   737	(see 'go help build') to force rebuilding of packages that
   738	depend on the updated C libraries.
   739	
   740	The go command also caches successful package test results.
   741	See 'go help test' for details. Running 'go clean -testcache' removes
   742	all cached test results (but not cached build results).
   743	
   744	The GODEBUG environment variable can enable printing of debugging
   745	information about the state of the cache:
   746	
   747	GODEBUG=gocacheverify=1 causes the go command to bypass the
   748	use of any cache entries and instead rebuild everything and check
   749	that the results match existing cache entries.
   750	
   751	GODEBUG=gocachehash=1 causes the go command to print the inputs
   752	for all of the content hashes it uses to construct cache lookup keys.
   753	The output is voluminous but can be useful for debugging the cache.
   754	
   755	GODEBUG=gocachetest=1 causes the go command to print details of its
   756	decisions about whether to reuse a cached test result.
   757	`,
   758	}
   759	

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